abstention$307$ - meaning and definition. What is abstention$307$
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What (who) is abstention$307$ - definition

DOCTRINE PREVALENT IN THE AMERICAN JUDICIARY
Abstention doctrines; Pullman Abstention; Younger Abstention; Burford Abstention; Thibidaux Abstention; Colorado River Abstention; Pullman doctrine; Abstention Doctrine; Pullman abstention

Bundesstraße 307         
  • Bundesstraße 307 crossing the Sylvenstein Dam ([[Faller-Klamm-Brücke]])
FEDERAL HIGHWAY IN GERMANY
Bundesstrasse 307; B307
The Bundesstraße 307 is a German federal highway which crosses the Bavarian Alps in a west–east direction. It is composed of three separate segments.
Boeing 307 Stratoliner         
  • Map of 1940 TWA Boeing 307 routes
  • ''Aerovias Ecuatorianas C.A.'' (AREA) Boeing S-307 Strato-Clipper ''HC 004''
  • ''Aigle Azur'' Boeing SA-307B-1 F-BELV on the ramp
  • ''Aigle Azur Extrême-Orient'' Boeing S-307 Strato-Clipper F-BHHR in New York just before delivery
  • Prototype Model 307 ''NX19901'' with the small tail as initially designed, and which caused its loss
  • T&WA Boeing SA-307B ''Cherokee'' as built.
  • ''Airnautic'' Boeing SA-307B-1 ''F-BELY''
  • Pan Am Boeing S-307 Stratoliner ''NC19902 Clipper Rainbow'' with blanking plates installed on engines to prevent engine over-cooling
  • Boeing SA-307B Stratoliner 3-view drawing
  • Wreck of the prototype, ''NX19901''
  • Boeing 307 prototype from above, showing off the wing and tail planform
  • 42-88623 ''Cherokee'' loading up following conversion to C-75 standard
  • Boeing C-75 ICD primary wartime transatlantic routes after July 1942, when the airfield at Ascension Island shortened the South Atlantic crossing. Bluie Two and Eight were added in 1942 as diversionary airfields in case excessive headwinds were encountered in the North Atlantic. When conditions allowed it, usually on summer eastbound crossings, direct flights were sometimes made between Gander and Prestwick.<ref name=ICDp76>Betts, 1992, p.76</ref>
  • Boeing S-307 Stratoliner production line - note the early B-17s to the rear
  • Boeing SA-307B-1 Stratoliner F-BELX, likely while with Cambodia Air Commercial
  • Howard Hughes's SB-307B after conversion into ''The "Flying Penthouse"''
  • SA-307B-1 ''F-BELU'' with the CIC/ICC
  • Ex-Pan Am Inter-American Inc. Boeing S-307 Strato-Clipper N19903 after returning to the US from Haiti, before being bought by the Smithsonian.
  • Lineup of all three Pan Am Strato-Clippers
  • Pan Am Boeing S-307 Strato-Clipper NC19910 ''Clipper Comet''
  • Passengers on Pan Am Strato-Clipper in the [[Raymond Loewy]]-designed interior. Seats on the left could be folded into sleeper bunks
  • Prototype of the S-307, with the small tail used initially on the first three examples built.
  • Quaker City Airways Boeing S-307 Stratoliner N75385
  • ''Royal Air Lao'' SA-307B-1 ''XW-TFP'' two days before ditching in the Mekong river
  • Newly graduated Hostesses lined up in front of ''Zuni'', TWA's Stratoliner NC19907, in early to mid-1940.
  • TWA Boeing SA-307B-1 N19909 'Navajo' fleet number 404, as it appeared when offering coach class seating only, and showing the rearward location of the higher aspect ratio B-17G tailplane, whose hinges were now lined up with the rudder hinge.
  • TWA Boeing SA-307B NC19905 on May 17, 1940, after the engines iced up and it made a forced landing
  • ft}} fuselage was. The external arms for the slotted flaps are visible here, as are the hatches on the underside through which baggage was loaded.
  • TWA Boeing SA-307B NC19907 'Zuni' 402 landing with slotted flaps lowered, prewar
  • TWA Stratoliner pre-war, at Chicago airport
  • UAT Aeromaritime Boeing SA-307B-1 F-BELV
  • USAAF C-75 42-88624 ''Comanche'' in wartime camouflage
US AIRLINER WITH 4 PISTON ENGINES, 1938
Boeing C-75; C-75 Stratoliner; C-75 Military Transport; 307 Stratoliner; Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner; Boeing 307; Boeing C-75 Stratoliner; Quaker City Airways
The Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner (or Strato-Clipper in Pan American service, or C-75 in USAAF service) is an American stressed-skin four-engine low-wing tailwheel monoplane airliner derived from the B-17 Flying Fortress bomber, which entered commercial service in July 1940. It was the first airliner in revenue service with a pressurized cabin, which with supercharged engines, allowed it to cruise above the weather.
abstention doctrine         
n. when the Supreme Court refuses to exercise its federal constitutional jurisdiction or declines to consider a question of state law arising from a case being appealed from a state court.

Wikipedia

Abstention doctrine

An abstention doctrine is any of several doctrines that a United States court may (or in some cases must) apply to refuse to hear a case if hearing the case would potentially intrude upon the powers of another court. Such doctrines are usually invoked where lawsuits involving the same issues are brought in two different court systems at the same time (such as federal and state courts).

The United States has a federal court system with limitations on the cases that it can hear, while each state has its own individual court system. In some instances, the jurisdiction of these courts overlap, so a lawsuit between two parties may be brought in either or both courts. The latter circumstance can lead to confusion, waste resources, as well as cause the appearance that one court is disrespecting the other. Both federal and state courts have developed rules determining when one court will defer to another's jurisdiction over a particular case.